The New Nationalism (Speech, August 31, 1910)
Theodore Roosevelt
Roosevelt's vision of democracy rejected both demagoguery and plutocracy. In 1910, the U.S. was grappling with the Gilded Age's legacy of wealth concentration and the rise of populist movements. He believed genuine democracy meant more than just political freedom—it required an economic system where everyone had a fair chance to excel. For Roosevelt, the integrity of American governance depended on resisting the extremes of mob rule and elite control alike.