Book IV, Chapter 11
Confucius
Confucius draws a sharp line between inner virtue and external wealth. In ancient China, societal status was often measured by property and wealth. Confucius counters this, suggesting that true worth lies in cultivating one's soul rather than amassing possessions. The "superior man" in Confucian thought prioritizes moral development over material success, a stance that echoes through Confucian teachings and contrasts with the material ambitions of his time.