Chapter VI: How the Portuguese made a magnificent auto-da-fé to prevent earthquakes, and how Candide was flogged
Voltaire
Voltaire satirizes Leibniz's optimism, which claimed that our world is "the best of all possible worlds." The absurd horrors faced by Candide and his companions expose the folly of such blind optimism. The Lisbon earthquake of 1755, which devastated much of the city and sparked philosophical debate about the nature of good and evil, looms large in this backdrop. Voltaire's wit dismantles naive optimism by showing a world teetering on chaos, questioning the usefulness of philosophical comforts when confronted with real suffering.